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Databases with N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record) Storage Mo...

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	4D	1984	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Access	1992	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Accumulo NoSQL	2008	Column Family / Wide-Column	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NoSQL
	AceBase Web Browser	2018	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Web Browser
	Adabas	1971	Network	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Adaptive Server Enterprise Acquired Company	1987	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	Advantage Database Server xBase Acquired Company	1993	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	xBase Acquired Company
	Aerospike NoSQL AI-Assisted	2009	Document / XML, Key-Value, Vector	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NoSQL AI-Assisted
	AgensGraph Forked Code Multi-Model Acquired Company	2013	Document / XML, Graph, Key-Value, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code Multi-Model Acquired Company
	Aito Search Engine	2017	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Search Engine
	AKDB Abandoned	2009	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Akiban Acquired Company Abandoned	2009	—	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company Abandoned
	AlloyDB OLAP Forked Code OLTP	2022	Relational	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP Forked Code OLTP
	Amelie OLTP	2023	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	AnnaDB Abandoned NoSQL	2021	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
AN	AnuDB Serverless Abandoned NoSQL	2025	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Serverless Abandoned NoSQL
	Apollo xBase	1999	—	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	xBase
	ArcadeDB Forked Code AI-Assisted	2021	Document / XML, Graph, Key-Value, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code AI-Assisted
	Assassin Abandoned Peer-to-Peer	2020	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Peer-to-Peer
	AsterixDB OLAP AI-Assisted	2009	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP AI-Assisted
	Aurora	2014	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Aurora DSQL Serverless OLTP	2023	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Serverless OLTP
	Azure SQL Database Hosting Service	2009	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Hosting Service
	BadgerDB AI-Assisted	2017	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	AI-Assisted
	BangDB Multi-Model NoSQL	2015	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Multi-Model NoSQL
	Beagle SQL Abandoned	1996	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Bedrock Blockchain OLTP AI-Assisted	2016	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Blockchain OLTP AI-Assisted
	Beringei Time-Series Abandoned	2015	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series Abandoned
	BerylDB Abandoned Failed Company	2021	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Failed Company
	BigchainDB Abandoned Blockchain	2015	Document / XML, Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record), Custom	Abandoned Blockchain
BI	BinaryRage Abandoned	2012	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	BlobCity Failed Company	2015	Document / XML, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Failed Company
	Blueflood Time-Series Abandoned	2013	Column Family / Wide-Column	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series Abandoned
BR	BroDB Parody / Joke Abandoned	2024	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Parody / Joke Abandoned
	Brytlyt OLAP Forked Code Acquired Company	2013	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP Forked Code Acquired Company
	BTDB OLTP	2010	Key-Value, Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	bugfruit Abandoned	2022	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	BusTub	2019	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	CaskDB Abandoned	2022	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Cassandra NoSQL AI-Assisted	2008	Key-Value, Column Family / Wide-Column	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NoSQL AI-Assisted
	ChromoDB Abandoned	2024	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	ClearDB Acquired Company	2010	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	CloverDB NoSQL AI-Assisted	2022	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NoSQL AI-Assisted
	CodernityDB	2011	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Condensation Abandoned Blockchain	2020	Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Blockchain
	Consus Abandoned	2015	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	CoreObject Abandoned	2007	Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	CornerStone Acquired Company	1985	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	CovenantSQL Abandoned Blockchain	2018	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Blockchain
	CrossDB Abandoned	2019	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Cubrid AI-Assisted	2008	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	AI-Assisted
	CurioDB Abandoned NoSQL	2015	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
	Daffodil DB Abandoned OLTP	2003	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned OLTP
	DataEase Acquired Company OLTP	1981	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company OLTP
	dbeel Abandoned NoSQL	2023	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
	DBx1000 Abandoned	2014	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	DeepDB Abandoned Failed Company	2010	Relational	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Failed Company
	Derby Acquired Company Abandoned OLTP	1997	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company Abandoned OLTP
	DiceDB OLTP	2022	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	DocumentDB Middleware NoSQL AI-Assisted	2023	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Middleware NoSQL AI-Assisted
	Dolt Versioning AI-Assisted	2018	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Versioning AI-Assisted
DQ	Dqlite	2017	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Dragonfly Cache AI-Assisted	2021	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Cache AI-Assisted
DR	DriftDB Immutable AI-Assisted	2025	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Immutable AI-Assisted
	DynamoDB OLTP NoSQL	2012	Document / XML, Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP NoSQL
	Earthstar Abandoned Peer-to-Peer	2020	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Peer-to-Peer
	EasyDB Failed Company	2019	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Failed Company
	EchoDB Abandoned	2021	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	EdgelessDB Abandoned	2021	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	ElaSQL Abandoned	2016	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
EN	EnnoDB Abandoned	2012	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	EsgynDB Failed Company	2015	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record), Custom, Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), Hybrid	Failed Company
	Espresso	2011	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	etcd Acquired Company	2013	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
EX	Extensible Storage Engine	1994	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	eXtremeDB Cache Time-Series OLTP Middleware	2001	Key-Value, Entity-Relationship, Relational, Column Family / Wide-Column	Hybrid, Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Cache Time-Series OLTP Middleware
	FerretDB AI-Assisted	2021	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	AI-Assisted
FI	FileDb Abandoned NoSQL	2011	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
	FileDB Abandoned	2010	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	FileMaker Acquired Company	1985	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	Firebird AI-Assisted	2000	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	AI-Assisted
	Fireproof Peer-to-Peer AI-Assisted	2022	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Peer-to-Peer AI-Assisted
	FirstSQL/J Failed Company	2001	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Failed Company
	Fjall OLTP	2023	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
FO	Fongo Abandoned NoSQL	2012	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
FO	ForestDB Abandoned	2013	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	FoxPro xBase Acquired Company	1984	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	xBase Acquired Company
	FrontBase OLTP	1993	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	FuelDB Abandoned	2014	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Gaia Abandoned Failed Company	2020	Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Failed Company
GA	Gamma OLAP Abandoned OLTP	1986	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP Abandoned OLTP
	Garnet Cache AI-Assisted	2021	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Cache AI-Assisted
	GaussDB	2011	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record), Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar)
	GDBM DBM	1990	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	DBM
	Gel OLAP AI-Assisted	2018	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP AI-Assisted
	GhostDB Cache Abandoned	2020	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Cache Abandoned
	Greenplum OLAP Forked Code Acquired Company	2003	Relational	Custom, Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP Forked Code Acquired Company
	GridGain Acquired Company	2007	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	GUN Peer-to-Peer	2014	Graph	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Peer-to-Peer
	H2	2004	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	HampusDB	2006	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	HANA	2010	Column Family / Wide-Column	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Hekaton OLTP	2012	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	HerdDB	2016	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Heroic Abandoned	2015	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record), Custom	Abandoned
	HighContext Serverless	2023	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Serverless
	Hive OLAP AI-Assisted	2010	Relational	Hybrid, Custom, Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP AI-Assisted
	HollowDB Abandoned Blockchain	2023	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Blockchain
	H-Store NewSQL Abandoned OLTP	2006	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NewSQL Abandoned OLTP
	HyperSQL	2001	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Ignite	2014	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	ImmortalDB Web Browser Abandoned	2018	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Web Browser Abandoned
	Immudb Immutable AI-Assisted	2019	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Immutable AI-Assisted
	InfoGrid Abandoned	2008	Graph	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	InMemory.Net	2014	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	InterBase Versioning Acquired Company	1984	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Versioning Acquired Company
	Irmin	2013	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	ITTIA DB Time-Series OLTP	2000	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series OLTP
	Jade OLTP	1996	Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
JA	JameSQL Abandoned NoSQL	2024	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
	Just Logic/SQL OLTP	1994	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	KairosDB Time-Series	2013	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series
KA	KarelDB Abandoned	2019	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	KenobiDB Abandoned Middleware	2019	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Middleware
	ksqlDB Streaming AI-Assisted	2017	Key-Value, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Streaming AI-Assisted
	Kvrocks NoSQL AI-Assisted	2019	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NoSQL AI-Assisted
	Kyoto Cabinet DBM	2009	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	DBM
LA	Lazer	2013	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	LeanStore OLTP	2018	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	LedisDB Abandoned NoSQL	2014	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
	LevelDB MMAP	2011	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	MMAP
	libSQL Forked Code OLTP	2022	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code OLTP
	LightCloud Abandoned	2009	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	LightDB Abandoned NoSQL	2021	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
LI	LineairDB AI-Assisted	2020	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	AI-Assisted
	Linter	1990	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	LonaDB Abandoned NoSQL	2023	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
	Lovefield Web Browser Abandoned	2014	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Web Browser Abandoned
	LungoDB	2019	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	M3DB Time-Series AI-Assisted	2018	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series AI-Assisted
	Machbase Time-Series	2017	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series
	Manticore Search Search Engine	2017	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record), Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar)	Search Engine
	MarcelloDB Abandoned	2014	Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	MariaDB AI-Assisted	2009	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record), Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar)	AI-Assisted
	Matisse OLTP	1986	Document / XML, Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	MatrixOne OLAP OLTP Streaming AI-Assisted	2021	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record), Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar)	OLAP OLTP Streaming AI-Assisted
	MaxDB OLTP	1977	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	Memstate Abandoned	2017	Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	MillenniumDB Web Browser	2021	Graph, Triplestore / RDF	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Web Browser
	Mimer SQL	1974	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	MonographDB	2021	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Multigres Middleware AI-Assisted	2025	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Middleware AI-Assisted
	MySQL Acquired Company	1994	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	NavDB Abandoned	2017	Key-Value, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
ND	NDB Cluster Acquired Company OLTP	—	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company OLTP
	NEO	2005	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Neon Serverless Forked Code Acquired Company OLTP	2021	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Serverless Forked Code Acquired Company OLTP
NE	Neoview Abandoned	2007	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	nessDB Abandoned	2011	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Netlify Database Serverless Hosting Service	2024	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Serverless Hosting Service
	NexusDB OLTP	2003	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	Ninja Database	—	Object-Oriented, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	NodeDB Multi-Model Nearest Neighbor AI-Assisted	2026	Vector, Graph, Array / Matrix, Document / XML, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record), Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar)	Multi-Model Nearest Neighbor AI-Assisted
	NoKV NoSQL AI-Assisted	2024	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NoSQL AI-Assisted
	NonStop SQL Acquired Company OLTP	1987	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company OLTP
	NuDB Abandoned	2016	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	OasysDB Abandoned Nearest Neighbor	2023	Key-Value, Vector	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Nearest Neighbor
	ObjectStore Acquired Company	1988	Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	OceanBase	2010	Relational	Hybrid, N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Ocelot Failed Company	2001	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Failed Company
	OpenBase SQL Failed Company	1991	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Failed Company
OP	open-gpdb OLAP Forked Code	2024	Relational	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP Forked Code
	OpenTSDB Time-Series Abandoned	2010	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series Abandoned
	Oracle Multi-Model	1977	Document / XML, Graph, Key-Value, Relational, Triplestore / RDF	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Multi-Model
	Oracle NoSQL NoSQL	2011	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NoSQL
	OrientDB Multi-Model Acquired Company NoSQL	2010	Document / XML, Graph, Key-Value, Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Multi-Model Acquired Company NoSQL
	OxidSQL Abandoned	2022	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
PA	PalDB Abandoned	2015	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Paper Abandoned NoSQL	2015	Key-Value, Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
	Pebble AI-Assisted	2018	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	AI-Assisted
	Percona Server Forked Code	2006	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code
	picoSQL Abandoned	1995	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	PipelineDB Acquired Company Abandoned Streaming	2013	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company Abandoned Streaming
	PlanetScale Forked Code OLTP	2018	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code OLTP
	PocketBase	2022	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Pogreb MMAP	2018	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	MMAP
	PoloDB NoSQL	2020	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NoSQL
	Polypheny Multi-Model	2017	Document / XML, Graph, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Multi-Model
	PostgreSQL OLTP	1986	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	Predator	1996	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	PrimeBase OLTP	1990	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
PR	PRISMA	1986	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Prometheus Time-Series AI-Assisted	2012	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series AI-Assisted
	PupDB Abandoned	2019	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Qizx Acquired Company	2004	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	QLDB Abandoned Blockchain	2018	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Blockchain
	Quadrable Abandoned	2020	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	RaimaDB Time-Series	1984	Network, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series
	RaptorDB Forked Code	2024	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code
	Rdb/VMS Acquired Company	1984	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	redb OLTP AI-Assisted	2018	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP AI-Assisted
	RedDatabase Forked Code	2006	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code
	Redict Cache Forked Code NoSQL	2024	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Cache Forked Code NoSQL
	Redwood Abandoned Peer-to-Peer	2019	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Peer-to-Peer
	Regatta OLAP OLTP	2020	Relational	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP OLTP
	ReifyDB OLTP	2025	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	Rel	2004	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Relaxo Abandoned	2012	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	RethinkDB Failed Company NoSQL	2009	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Failed Company NoSQL
	RexDB Acquired Company	2006	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	RisingWave Streaming AI-Assisted	2021	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Streaming AI-Assisted
	ROMA Abandoned	2009	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	RonDB OLTP AI-Assisted	2020	Key-Value, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP AI-Assisted
	rqlite AI-Assisted	2014	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	AI-Assisted
	SableDb Cache NoSQL	2024	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Cache NoSQL
	SapphireDb Abandoned	2018	Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	ScalienDB Abandoned Failed Company	2010	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Failed Company
	SchoonerSQL Acquired Company OLTP	2007	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company OLTP
	Scuba	2013	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Scylla NoSQL AI-Assisted	2014	Key-Value, Column Family / Wide-Column	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NoSQL AI-Assisted
SD	SDB	—	Document / XML, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	SenseiDB Abandoned	2012	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	ShannonBase	2024	Relational, Vector	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	SingleStore OLAP NewSQL Acquired Company OLTP	2011	Document / XML, Key-Value, Multi-Value, Object-Oriented, Relational, Vector	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), Hybrid, N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP NewSQL Acquired Company OLTP
	SKDB OLTP AI-Assisted	2022	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP AI-Assisted
	SKSQL Abandoned	2021	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Skytable Abandoned NoSQL	2020	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
	SlateDB AI-Assisted	2024	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	AI-Assisted
	Sled	2016	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	SleekDB	2018	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	SmallSQL Abandoned	2005	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	solidDB Acquired Company OLTP	1992	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company OLTP
	SoloDB Serverless NoSQL	2024	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Serverless NoSQL
	Sophia Abandoned OLTP NoSQL	2014	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned OLTP NoSQL
	SpacetimeDB OLTP AI-Assisted	2023	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP AI-Assisted
	Speedy Abandoned	—	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Splunk Acquired Company Search Engine	2002	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company Search Engine
	SQL Anywhere Acquired Company	1992	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	SQLBase Acquired Company	1984	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	SQLite OLTP	2000	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	SQL Server	1988	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record), Custom
	SQream OLAP	2010	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLAP
	SSDB Abandoned	2013	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	StellarSQL Abandoned	2018	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	StereoDB Abandoned OLTP	2023	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned OLTP
ST	StormiDB Abandoned NoSQL	2024	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned NoSQL
	Supra Server SQL Acquired Company OLTP	1989	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company OLTP
	Swarm64 OLAP Acquired Company	2013	Relational	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar)	OLAP Acquired Company
	Swytch Cache	2023	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Cache
SY	System R OLTP	1972	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	TabDB Parody / Joke Abandoned	2019	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Parody / Joke Abandoned
	Tablespace	2024	—	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	TaffyDB Abandoned	2009	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	TDSQL	2012	Key-Value, Document / XML, Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Tendis NoSQL	2018	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NoSQL
	ThreadDB Abandoned Peer-to-Peer	2019	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Peer-to-Peer
	Tibero OLTP	2003	Relational	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	TidesDB OLTP	2024	Column Family / Wide-Column	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	TieredMemDB Cache Forked Code Abandoned NoSQL	2020	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Cache Forked Code Abandoned NoSQL
	TigerGraph	2012	Graph	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	Timbala Time-Series Abandoned	2016	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series Abandoned
	TimescaleDB Time-Series AI-Assisted	2017	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Time-Series AI-Assisted
	TingoDB Abandoned	2013	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Tkrzw Abandoned DBM	2020	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned DBM
	TokuMX Forked Code Acquired Company Abandoned	2013	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code Acquired Company Abandoned
	Tokyo Cabinet DBM	2006	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	DBM
	TonicDB OLTP	2025	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	ToplingDB Forked Code AI-Assisted	2021	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code AI-Assisted
	TransLattice NewSQL Failed Company	2007	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NewSQL Failed Company
	ts-sql Abandoned	2020	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	Turso OLTP AI-Assisted	2023	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP AI-Assisted
	Typhon MMAP AI-Assisted	2015	Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	MMAP AI-Assisted
	UniSQL Acquired Company	1991	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Acquired Company
	UnumDB Abandoned Failed Company	2015	Document / XML, Graph, Key-Value, Array / Matrix	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned Failed Company
	Valentina Database OLTP	1998	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	Valkey Cache Forked Code NoSQL AI-Assisted	2024	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Cache Forked Code NoSQL AI-Assisted
	VanillaDB Abandoned	2016	Multi-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned
	VelarixDB	2024	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	VeloxDB OLTP	2022	Object-Oriented	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP
	VillageSQL Forked Code OLTP Revival Project AI-Assisted	2025	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code OLTP Revival Project AI-Assisted
	Visual FoxPro xBase	1992	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	xBase
	Vitess Middleware AI-Assisted	2011	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Middleware AI-Assisted
	voidDB OLTP MMAP	2024	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	OLTP MMAP
	VoltDB NewSQL	2009	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	NewSQL
	WarehousePG Forked Code AI-Assisted	2025	Relational	Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar), N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code AI-Assisted
	WebScaleSQL Forked Code Abandoned	2014	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code Abandoned
	WiredTiger Acquired Company AI-Assisted	2008	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record), Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar)	Acquired Company AI-Assisted
	WonderDB Abandoned OLTP	2013	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Abandoned OLTP
	Xata Forked Code AI-Assisted	2020	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Forked Code AI-Assisted
	Xeround Failed Company Hosting Service	2005	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Failed Company Hosting Service
	XTDB AI-Assisted	2018	Document / XML	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	AI-Assisted
	YARD-SQL Failed Company	1996	Relational	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Failed Company
	Zentropy	2025	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)
	ZippyDB Cache Serverless Failed Company	2014	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)	Cache Serverless Failed Company
	ZippyDB	2013	Key-Value	N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)