Indexes in Splunk do not seem to be the traditional B+ Trees, Skip Lists, or Radix Trees. However, Splunk indexes data by breaking them into events, based on the timestamp of the data. After breaking the data up into events, the events are passed through the indexing pipeline where additional steps are taken such as: breaking the events into segments so indexing and searching can be done efficiently, building data structures for the indices, and writing the events out to disk.
https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/7.2.0
Splunk
2003