Checkpoints

Non-Blocking Consistent

RisingLight provides consistent snapshot by using merge-tree structure in the storage engine. The manifest file stores a full list of files of the database. Every write from users will produce a group of files called RowSet, and the information of the RowSet will be added to the manifest file.

Compression

Run-Length Encoding

The minimal encoding unit of RisingLight is data blocks, about 64KB in size, containing multiple cells in a table. RisingLight supports run-length block encoding.

Concurrency Control

Not Supported

RisingLight doesn't support transactions.

Data Model

Relational

RisingLight stores data in a relational way.

Foreign Keys

Not Supported

Indexes

Log-Structured Merge Tree

In RisingLight, each table corresponds to a merge-tree on disk. Inside each merge-tree, there are multiple RowSets. Each RowSet is composed of multiple column files. Each column file contains multiple blocks, which is the minimal unit of the cache. RowSets can be sorted or unsorted. For sorted RowSets, the sparse index file will record the first cell of each block, so as to support efficient range scan.

Joins

Nested Loop Join Hash Join

RisingLight supports nested loop join and hash join. When there is at least one equal condition and the join type is inner join, RisingLight will use hash join. Otherwise, nested loop join will be used.

Logging

Not Supported

Parallel Execution

Inter-Operator (Vertical)

In RisingLight, different executors can be running on different threads.

Query Compilation

Not Supported

Query Execution

Vectorized Model

RisingLight uses vectorized volcano model (aka. chunk at a time) for query execution. Furthermore, some arithmetic expressions have special SIMD implementation to make execution faster.

Query Interface

SQL

RisingLight supports PostgreSQL as a query interface. It provides an interactive shell for users to issue SQL queries.

Storage Architecture

Disk-oriented

RisingLight stores data on disk. Data are organized on disk using merge-tree structure. There are multiple RowSet directories inside the RisingLight database directory, where each RowSet belongs to a user table, organized in a merge-tree. Inside each RowSet directory, there are multiple column files and column index files.

Storage Model

Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar)

A user table is cut horizontally as RowSets, and then vertically into column files. Data within one column are stored continuously in multiple column files.

Storage Organization

Indexed Sequential Access Method (ISAM) Sorted Files

Stored Procedures

Not Supported

System Architecture

Embedded

Views

Not Supported