Tibero

Tibero is a relational database management system developed by TmaxSoft. It is one of the most widely used DBMS among companies and public sectors in South Korea. It is currently owned/managed by TmaxData, an affiliate company of TmaxSoft.

History

Tibero was first released in June 2003 by TmaxSoft. Tibero 4 was the first version to introduce Tibero Active Cluster (TAC) for distributed database clustering, and this feature has carried onto newer versions since then. Tibero 6, its latest version as of Nov 2019, was released in 2015.

Storage Architecture

Disk-oriented

Tibero stores data files on one or more non-volatile storages. However, in 2008 TmaxSoft released its own in-memory DBMS called Tibero MMDB. In 2012, the company has made an interview that it is currently considering amalgamating the original disk-oriented product with its in-memory DBMS in the future.

Query Execution

Tuple-at-a-Time Model

Tibero uses the pipeline model to connect two execution plans in inter-operator parallelism. It supports sequential table scan, index scan, multi-index scan for access methods.

Indexes

B+Tree BitMap

Tibero uses B-Trees to create indexes. It also supports organizing tables with clustered indexes on primary keys. Searching on indexes can be done with single attributes or on a range. An index can be created and searched on composite key from multiple attributes. BitMap Indexing is supported for OLAP data warehouses.

Joins

Nested Loop Join Hash Join Sort-Merge Join

Tibero supports Hash Join, Nested-Loop Join, and Sort-Merge Join. The query optimizer decides the order of join as well as the type of join to execute the given query. For joins on large data, the query optimizer performs star transformation.

Concurrency Control

Multi-version Concurrency Control (MVCC)

Tibero uses Multi-version Concurrency Control. To manage Write-Write conflicts, it uses granulated locks on each row, which is Tibero's smallest unit of data. Tibero's background process runs a deadlock detection.

Storage Organization

Heaps

At a physical level, Tibero stores a control file that acts as a directory to keep track of all data files in the database. The data files each belong to a tablespace which refers to a specific table/index. At a logical level, data files are organized as a collection of blocks within a tablespace.

Data Model

Relational

Tibero is a relational database management system.

Storage Model

N-ary Storage Model (Row/Record)

Tibero stores table rows in a disk block until the block's free space reaches a percentage below a configurable parameter. Large objects are stored in multiple blocks unless the parameter is configured to be sufficiently large.

Parallel Execution

Intra-Operator (Horizontal) Inter-Operator (Vertical)

Tibero uses both intra-operator and inter-operator simultaneously for parallel execution. The query coordinator allocates worker threads to perform intra-operator parallelism. The number of worker threads allocated depends on a configurable parameter. These worker threads form a producer set. At the same time, another collection of worker threads called a consumer set is created. The producer set delivers rows to the consumer set to process the next execution plan simultaneously for inter-operator parallelism. The maximum number of execution plans run simultaneously in inter-operator parallelism is two.

Isolation Levels

Serializable

Tibero claims to ensure Serializable isolation level

Tibero Logo
Website

http://www.tmaxsoft.com/products/tibero/

Tech Docs

https://technet.tmaxsoft.com/upload/download/online/tibero/pver-20150504-000002/index.html

Developer

TmaxSoft/TmaxData

Country of Origin

KR

Start Year

2003

Project Type

Commercial

Written in

C

Supported languages

C, C++, Java, PL/SQL, SQL

Compatible With

Oracle RDBMS

Operating Systems

AIX, HP-UX, Linux, Solaris, Windows

Licenses

Proprietary

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibero