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Database Entry

Kdb+

Kdb+ is a column-based relational time series database, developed by Kx Systems. Kdb+ database is designed to be used in financial area and store time series data.[04]

Website
https://kx.com[01]
Tech Docs
https://code.kx.com/home/[02]
Developer
Country of Origin
US
Start Year
1998 [04]
Former Name
kdb
Acquired By
Project Type
Commercial
Supported Languages
C, C#, C++, Go, Java, JavaScript, Lua, Matlab, Perl, PHP, Python, R, Scala
Operating Systems
Linux, macOS, Solaris, Windows
License
Proprietary
Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kdb+[03]

Database Entry

Kdb+

Kdb+ is a column-based relational time series database, developed by Kx Systems. Kdb+ database is designed to be used in financial area and store time series data.[04]

History[04]

Kx Systems originally released kdb in 1998. It was built on the K language. K language was developed by Arthur Whitney. Kx Systems then released kdb+ as the 64-bit version in 2003. Then Kdb+ was developed on top of q language.

Compression[05]

Naïve (Record-Level)

Kdb+ supports compression in following ways:

  • A built-in WebSocket server which supports WebSocket compression standard.

  • In-flight compression between hosts.

  • On-disk compression, which supports 4 algorithms:

  • kdb+ algorithm

  • gzip

  • Google Snappy

  • lzh4c

Concurrency Control[06]

Kdb+ supports for concurrent manipulation of data.

Data Model[06]

Relational

Kdb+ uses relational model.

Foreign Keys[06]

Kdb+ supports referential integrity.

Hardware Acceleration[05]

Custom

Kdb+ doesn't rely on any hardware acceleration.

Indexes[06]

B+Tree

Kdb+ supports secondary indexes.

Isolation Levels[07]

Serializable

Kdb+ only supports SERIALIZABLE isolation level.

Joins[05]

Kdb+ supports sql standard joins.

Logging[05]

Physical Logging

Kdb+ uses physical logging. When new data comes from sources, in-memory event-engine will log to on-disk log file to ensure durability.

Query Compilation[05]

Not Supported

q is interpreted language.

Query Execution[05][08]

Vectorized Model

q is vector processing languages.

Query Interface[06]

SQL HTTP / REST

Kdb+ supports following interfaces:

  • ODBC/JDBC

  • C/C++

  • Java

  • C#

  • Python

  • R

Storage Architecture[05]

Hybrid

Kdb+ has both in-memory and on-disk storage. New data is held in memory and is flushed to disk at daily basis under control of the event-engine.

Storage Model[03]

Decomposition Storage Model (Columnar)

Kdb+ uses DSM both for in-memory and on-disk storage.

Stored Procedures[03]

Supported

Kdb+ supports UDF.

System Architecture[05]

Shared-Nothing

Kdb+ uses Lambda architecture has the following properties:

  • Data currently using stores in memory, while historical data is stored on disk.

  • New data come in from streaming sources.

  • Event-engine distribute data to downstream subscribers, including real-time database engine and streaming query engine.

  • Real-time database projects its content down to on-disk historical database for analytic use at daily basis, controlled by event-engine.

Views[05]

Not Supported
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Citations

8 sources
  1. AI Ready Vector Database and Data Analytics Platform | KX kx.com
  2. Documentation for KX products - Product documentation kx.com
  3. kdb+ - Wikipedia wikipedia.org
  4. https://kx.com/about-kx/ kx.com Dead — Check Archive
  5. Fintan Quill Engineer, Kx Systems: Time Series Analytics for Streaming Big Fast Data panopto.com
  6. Kdb System Properties db-engines.com
  7. Interfaces | kdb+ and q documentation - kdb+ and q documentation kx.com
  8. Q for Mortals kx.com
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